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Moses de Leon of Granada, Spain (d. 1305) published this version of the Zohar, which is one of the two classics of Kabbalism. The work has profoundly influenced millions of Jews, numerous Christians, and a multitude of occultists. The work was titled Sepher Hazzohar (The Book of Brightness) that de Leon claimed to be written by Simon ben Jochai, but most authorities agree that the book is the creation of de Leon himself. The Zohar explicates the nature of God, the divine emanations of the Sephiroth, the creation of angels and men, and the esoteric message of the revealed law. Because the Zohar along with other major Kabbalistic writings affirms that its mystical-occult concepts were derived from the canonical Hebrew Scriptures, Christian theologians saw the Zohar as proving proof of the divinity of Christ and many other New Testament doctrines. Aside from this, the Zohar still continues to influence numerous occultists. (see Zohar) A.G.H.

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Source(s):

Riland, George, The New Steinerbooks Dictionary of Paranormal, New York, Warner Books, Inc., 1980, p. 357

 

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The Zohar, meaning splendor, was the first written work containing very much Kabbalistic information. Such information is esoteric doctrines contained in Hebrew Scriptures, but cannot be perceived by the uninitiated; they are, however, plainly revealed to person of spiritual mind. No other information about Kabbalism was recorded before this work. The knowledge in the Kabbalah had been taught orally and transferred from Moses. Before this it had been thought to initially have been taught by God Himself to a select company of angels. After the Fall the angels most graciously communicated the heavenly doctrine to the disobedient child on earth, to furnish the protoplasts with the means of returning to their nobility and felicity. From Adam it passed to Noah and then to Abraham, who immigrated to Egypt where he allowed some of the mysterious doctrine to leak out. It was in Egypt, the land of his birth, that Moses was first initiated into the Kabbalah. Moses learned this mysterious teaching while learning all the wisdom of Egypt; however, he became most proficient in it during his wonderings in the wilderness, when he devoted to it not only his leisure hours of the forty years, but received lessons in it from one of the angels. With the aid of this mysterious science the lawgiver was enabled to solve the difficulties that arose during his stewardship of the Israelites, in spite of the pilgrimage wars and frequent miseries of the nation. He covertly laid down the principles of this secret doctrine in the first four books of the Pentateuch, but withheld them from Deuteronomy. Moses also initiated seventy Elders into the doctrine’s secrets, and they in turn initiated others. Of all who formed the unbroken line of tradition, David and Solomon were the most deeply initiated in the Kabbalah. No one, however, dared to write it down till Schimeon ben Jochai, who lived during the time of the destruction of the second. After his death, his son, Rabbi Elaezar, and his secretary, Rabbi Abba, as well as his disciples, collated Rabbi Schimeon ben Jochai’s treatises, and from them composed the celebrated work called Z H R, Zohar, or splendor. (see Zohar by Moses de Leon) A.G.H.

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Source(s):

Spence, Lewis, An Encyclopedia of Occultism, New York, Carol Publishing Group Edition, 1996, p. 241

 

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This term comes from the Greek words xenos “foreign” and lalia “language”, meaning foreign language. Xenolalia occurs whenever a person speaks or prays in tongues that express an actual human language, such as Spanish, French, or German, which was previously unknown to the individual. “Some believe that “If glossolalia is a sign, then xenolalia is God adding to the impressiveness of the sign.” A.G.H.

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Source: 67.

 

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The phenomenon of writing in an unknown language which is more difficult to verify than xenoglossy. Many researchers believe many incidences to be a result of cryptomnesia.

French physiologist Charles Richet reported the case of Madame X, a French medium, who wrote long Greek sentences while in a trance. To Richet’s discovery he found many of the sentences could have came from a French-Greek dictionary.

The phenomenon is said to be persued by the late 19th century medium from Geneva, Switzerland, Catherine Elisa Muller, using the pseudonym Helene Smith. She produced quite a controversy by her supposedly astral visits to Mars. Although never working as a paid medium she held seances for friends as entertaiment.

She was known to use glossolalia and do automatic writing in Arabic. She would hypnotize herself and then a character of Leopold would speak and write through her.

Several scholars iinvestigated Smith’s claims, and it was thought the lady had a very active imagination possibly accompanied with some telepathy (see mind reading) and telekinesis. Leopold was possibly her highly developed second personality. Anyhow, the flattery or criticism held friends steadfast to her as she enjoyed wealth and fame while supporting herself in a high position in a large Geneva store. A.G.H.

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Source: 29.

 

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The ability to speak in an unknown and unlearned foreign language. The phenomenon is frequently present in incidents of past-life-recall, and states of altered consciousness such as trance, delirium, and mediumship.

The French physiologist Charles Richet coined the term xenoglossy around the turn of the 20th century. It is composed of the New Latin Tern xeno (“strange, foreign”) and the Greek term glossa (“tongue”).

Many findings of xenoglossy are still suspect since most documented incidents have proven to be false. The “unknown learned foreign” language proved to be nothing more than forgotten phrases discovered in the subconscious, or pseudo- languages which were pure gibberish. In fewer cases the phenomenon appeared to be telepathy results between two people such as a hypnotist and a subject.

There is considered to be two types of xenoglossy: recitative and responsive. The former is more common. In this type the persons recite words or phrases of a foreign language without understanding them. As previously mentioned earlier such words and phrased have been learned in the past but forgotten. In responsive xenoglossy the persons are able to converse in the unlearned language.

A famous case of recitative xenoglossy in past-life recall is that of a Hindu girl, Swarnlata Mishra, born in 1948. The case was researched in 1961 by Ian Stevenson. The girl sang Bengali songs and performed Bengali dances without ever having been exposed to Bengali language or culture. Swarnlata explained she was a Bengali woman in a previous life and had been taught the songs and dances by a friend.

One of the earliest xenoglossy incidents was recorded in 1862 by Prince Galtizin, a mesmerist who magnetized an uneducated German woman who knew no French in her waking state. In the trance state she told of an 18th century French life while speaking fluent French.

Recorded is the Jensen case, a 33 year old Philadelphia housewife “T.E.” who underwent hypnotic regression performed by her physician husband. The sessions occurred between 1955 and 1956. A male personality emerged that was “Jensen.” He was a peasant farmer speaking in 17th century colloquial Swedish in a deep voice. His speech was detected as not being fluent as it was laborious and phrases were sometimes automatically repeated.

While in deep trance T.E. denied ever having studied any Scandinavian languages. There was no manifestation of subconscious knowledge of Swedish during hypnosis. T.E. was not in Jesnen’s personality. Ian Stevenson called her ability to speak Swedish paranormal.

Other responsive xenoglossy cases have been reported. Two authentic ones are those of Gretchen and Sharada. Gretchen emerged during hypnotic regression of Dolores Jay, in 1970, a wife of a Methodist minister in Elkton, Virginia. Gretchen, a German girl understood simple English and responded in imperfect German. She identified herself as Gretchen Gottlieb, daughter of the mayor of Eberswalde, Germany, and had apparently died around the age of sixteen. It was determined she lived during the late 19th century. Likewise, Dolores Jay had never studied German.

Sharada intruded the life of Uttara Huddar, a Marathi-speaking Indian woman. The intrusion occurred for at least eight years. Uttara was born in 1941 and was 33 when the personality take over was detected. When hospitalized in 1974 for a skin disease it was observed she experienced mood changes. During yogi instructions the Bengali-speaking personality of Sharada emerged.

Bengali was the only language which Sharada spoke. Bengali was unknown to either Uttara or her family. Sharada seemed to have lived in the first half of the 19th century having died at 23 but refused to believe herself dead. She periodically manifested herself and Uttara and her family had to get use to the visiting personality. (Also see Depossession)

Both Gretchen and Sharada wrote German and Bengali respectively which is considered the phenomenon of xenography. A.G.H.

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Source: 29.